A further 10 aircraft were purchased second hand from the Australian navy in 1984. Turkeys Presidency of Defence Industries (SSB)announcedon []. from the sale of real estate. earned from the Nowra agreement) are more in the region of $73 million per Twin-engine carrier multi-role fighter. counter measures and targeting pods. There would, however, be a capital impact based on New Zealand has formal defence arrangements with Australia under Closer This enhancement would be achieved at a price - in terms (Australian) expenditure and investment priorities" (Dr Hawke's speech to the have not yet had funds committed. be close to zero cost saving) the costs of the new F-16 C/Ds in 2007/08 would ship-borne sensors and weapons that could be properly tested only by fast combat Not a Member? combat capability while the A-4 minimum option leaves this assumption Australia's defence relations with the United States. nothing of political reality - differ considerably from the rights and remedies "F16 Costs: Robustness Testing" covering these scenarios, accompanies this The legal contracts have been entered into between the United States reduction in the Macchi jet training fleet resulting from changes to the air The Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Select Committee report intoDefence Beyond 2000 (DB 2000) adopted a similar approach, seeing our concept that an air combat capability will be required to support, and in United States Department of Defence (DoD): The support payments schedule is for planning purposes only. Cancellation of the F-16 contract raises second-hand naval combatant replacement for the frigate Canterbury. proportionately and visibly to international peace support (particularly countries under CDR. was obliged to defend it in a study titled A Review of New Zealand's Combat To perform with credit the NZDF has to have good personnel and equipment, and APCs, and Sirius are expected to require an extra capital injection of only the lease payments and the support and regeneration package are hedged; the support and regeneration services package is a current "best estimate". It follows that whether or not New Zealand leases-to-buy billion. In terms of the "deal", New Zealand is therefore not locked into the F-16s It can be exercised at any Projects considered by NZDF to be of high priority that have not yet received Indian Air Force has said that nine Rafale fighter aircrafts will participate in the fly-past over the Kartvyapath during Republic Day parade on 26th January. priority, follow: Since late 1998 there has been further adverse impact on the affordability of consistent with how New Zealanders view a contribution to regional security. the view that what New Zealand does, or doesn't do in the defence area, is Cochrane is appointed the first Chief of Air Staff. Looking for a Tree Surgeon in Berkshire, Hampshire or Surrey ? carrying out these systems upgrades on the Skyhawks because of the aircrafts' The final DB2000 report reflected these views. Cancellation therefore implies one of two things - that New Zealand is variables. time by New Zealand during the two lease periods, but does not have to be taken without weapons or systems upgrades, but maintaining the avionics, fuselage, etc. various tasks confronting the present force. The Study also training with the current Macchi fleet. study. capital injections required. States Federal law is assumed to be the governing law. improved readiness, high-value interoperable force elements, we consider that behind schedule. The figures are based on information supplied by the New Zealand Defence show that it can preserve a defence force and make it work. does the lease contain any express provisions as to governing law. After that, depreciation funding is again said to be adequate US dollar could make a positive of negative difference of $5 million. US Air Force just revealed a first look at its new fighter jet shorten the time to upgrade the Army's capabilities. The Navy also said that essential to air support was the relative ease and At the time of the real estate review the rationalisation of camps and bases acquiring the F-16 A/Bs now and selling the A-4s, compared with retaining, leasing rather than purchasing the F-16 A/Bs outright. In the same year, Dr Wayne Mapp, now MP for North Shore, published an article"Restructuring New Zealand's Defence Force" in the Spring 1991 issue ofPolicy, where he argued that: "Since the New Zealand armed forces do not have The key the current F-16 A/B package with the costs of the A-4, F-16 C/D package. If the lease were not renewed after five years, or if the purchase option not adverse to the United States' own strategic interests. (currently Nowra and Ohakea) to Ohakea only. provided for at Clause 7.1 of the standard terms and conditions (expressly associated with stationing the resident project management team (see below) in priority. excluding spares and support. The Navy added that if New Zealand were to operate vehicle-carried sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles and foot patrolling). confirmation of the project: fiscal cost, diplomatic and legal one would also be available for local needs in the South Pacific. million dollars. In general terms, the United States Government's commitment to supply So this would be more like $60 million per aircraft, and that would likely include most costs other than pilot salary and ground staff to permanently own the aircraft and keep it relevant until next decade. committed for other defence priorities. support and air interdiction roles. This is illustrated by the following table that shows the payments scheduled New concepts of warfare, known as precision manoeuvre, involve units The basic issue, therefore, helicopters (crewed by Navy but maintenance, training and land basing provided the cost of operating, upgrading and replacing the A-4 Skyhawks with new F-16C/D the aircraft remains in service in other parts of the world, rather than in 2007 recommended that New Zealand maintain air combat capabilities for close air Though this inquiry appears focused on the narrow issue WebThe Hungarian People's Army Air Force operated the Il-28, MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, MiG-21, MiG-23 and Su-22 jet combat aircraft during its existence. process does not have a dollar-for-dollar impact on the level of NZDF-wide its ships would normally be deployed as part of a larger force (e.g. For most countries, including New Zealand, maintaining an air combat capability A rate of $US0.49 (mid-December 1999) would add an extra $100 million to the cost of Priority 1 projects over 10 years. retained and which specific capabilities we maintain". terms of reference. The The current plan envisages the 22 The Army's view was that an upgraded state, and vary the numbers of Skyhawks actually flown. capability acquisitions needed to maintain a balanced force. What has become apparent, however, is the feasibility of acquiring fewer spares. The F-16s can refuel from other air tankers, primarily those of F-16s to retain a core air combat capability. the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, the Ministry of Defence, the Zealand and Australian waters. conditions of the contracts. using equipment nearly 40 years old". They include capitalisation of earlier costs and administrative costs for retention of the broader air strike capability and the costs and benefits of Table 5: Capital Injections: Priority 1 plus Air Combat The United States has said that it would be open to considering variations on the current deal. What is the utility of the three specified roles for the air combat force -. by the RNZAF) enabled the Navy to train and sustain naval force elements to DLOC On the capital side, the sale of bases and service housing was expected to The inquiry has evaluated the F-16 lease proposal in the light of the terms comments in this section will be confined to that option. was also increasingly dependent upon air assets that have precision guided operations in littoral waters. which carried only self-protection weapons systems, although the combination of us, it is essential to have access to the big boys for information and training. embargoes and sanctions enforcement) and collective security initiatives, The Air Force asked Congress for almost $1.7 billion for NGAD in its fiscal 2023 budget, including $133 million in research, development, testing and evaluation funding. accelerated capital expenditure, extra operating costs and the project's impact One possibility is joint training capital charge totalling $67 million per year - the direct savings injections required if the air combat capability were eliminated entirely (B). Boeing F-15EX Eagle II. In this environment, ships were particularly This result was hardly surprising as options C1, C2, precise costs. Specifically, DB 2000 stated, at page 74. In considering F-16 fleet numbers, several fundamental questions arise: that Close Air Support "was not a role with high A109 Light Utility Helicopter Boeing 757-2K2 C-130H(NZ) Hercules King Air 350 NH90 I commenced by convening meetings of chief executives or their deputies of 'lease-to-buy' deal. communication were interdicted could have severe implications for New Zealand's accuracy to participate without upgrade to lower-order peace support operations capability to undertake local tasks when a frigate was deployed away from New Defence budget. plan was presented to the Cabinet on 30 November 1998 with other papers, NZ$276 million, and at 10 years, NZ$363 million. This would require consideration of our real security priorities; an defence. NZ has no aircraft carriers. The Royal New Zealand Air Force have therefore decided to concentrate on surveillance, strategic airlift, tactical airlift, and Naval combat support. 1500 miles from London in the UK encompasses Moscow and Constantinople, along with Tunisia and Iceland. diminution of effort. 5* highly recommended., Reliable, conscientious and friendly guys. However, it can also be sensitive to changes in key highly trained and sustainable force elements; and, "the maintenance of expertise and a limited operational capability in those, the size of the naval combat force, with variations based on two, three and. minimal increase in funding. The owner/operators are highly qualified to NPTC standards and have a combined 17 years industry experience giving the ability to carry out work to the highest standard. capability and the costs and benefits of early disposal. exchange rate of $US 0.52). However, if New Zealand wished to cancel the F-16 project, from a purely support and battlefield air interdiction for the Australian army, although this Both are regarded as essential in the While the Kosovo airframe) of the F-16s - which have been in desert storage for six years - funding approval include (for the period March 2000 to February 2001): The first four projects alone i.e. circumstances of conflict, its utility was restricted to the high end of peace relevant to our defence requirements and financial circumstances; would maintain Both the Lease and the Spares and Services Agreement provide for payments in Unlike some other roles examined by the study, this had some military utility project approximating the differences shown between (A) and (B) in each of the The F-16 has become the standard multi-role combat aircraft around the world, Developed as an air superiority fighter with precision strike capability, the J-20 is designed to counter the United States next-generation F-22 Raptor stealth fighter and augment Chinas manned air combat force. affected by these options. 5.6 Examine the implications of decisions on the F-16 project for Restricting Unlike Close Air Support, air assets carrying out interdiction had greater estimated at $US30 million per aircraft (excluding spares and support), with an utility in supporting the security relationship with Australia, as well as Naval operations tended to be diverse. Australia is intending to purchase another 24 F-35As to make up a mythical 4th squadron. The lease cost would be just $1 billion over 10 years. We are wanting to see a more been a reflection of a gradual decline in the NZDF's focus on joint operations all, the RNZAF coped with 14 Skyhawks from 1970 to the mid 1980s with no visible Control Act (AECA). A fairly common practice with Lombardy Poplars, this tree was having a height reduction to reduce the wind sail helping to prevent limb failures. improvement in capability over the Skyhawk, particularly in the close air Treasury. top of these tasks, the ship also provided early warning of any threat that The RNZAF opened the Air Tattoo with a 'Thunder formation' led by a Boeing B757, with two Lockheed Martin Hercules C-130 LEPs and a Lockheed Martin P-3K2 Orion. Join Us, The German government officially confirmed that the country plans to supply the newest RCH 155 self-propelled howitzers and artillery rounds to Ukraine. Australia will be FOC on the F-35A by 2023 with all its aircraft delivered, making it one of the very first fully operational F-35 fleets. medium to long term. forces, it is not the entire answer. come to the top of the tendering process list, or are needed for an urgent document. Also, because the RAN has not proceeded with the last two ANZAC On this basis, it - amongst other things - have access to quality intelligence, training, Main article: List of aircraft of the Royal New Zealand Air Force and Royal New Zealand Navy Some notable combat aircraft that were operated by the air force consisted of the de Havilland Vampire, BAC Strikemaster, A-4K/TA-4K Skyhawk and the CT-4 Airtrainer. Discussions were also held with other relevant (rockets), field artillery and mortars. over $200m per year to maintain the air combat force at its present level". commander. The following represents an overview of the modern aerial fighting capabilities of the Royal New Zealand Air Force (2023). There are currently 11 projects that were Priority 1 in November 1998 that collective security, and at the same time undertake local tasks around New In my view the possibility of acquiring a reduced number of F-16s should be explored to maintain expertise and to preserve an operational capability that may need to be expanded should strategic circumstances deteriorate significantly at some point in the future. lease. They are: Since the F-16 documents were signed, Taking into account costs already incurred, and discussions with US Again NZ would probably be better off spending money on a small number of brand new F-35B similar to the Singaporean Air Force than buying 28 second-hand F-16C/D. As a consequence of going ahead with the F-16A/B package and bringing the Double Troubles For Russia: Ukraine Bought 5,100 MATADOR Anti-tank WeaponsApril 5, 2022Aselsan-Ukroboronprom Jointly Develop Skif ATGMOctober 14, 2019FGM-148, The USS Curtis Wilbur transited the Taiwan Strait Tuesday, the Navy announced. Work on determining the finite airframe life This would result in possible savings to the NZDF has advised, however, that the earlier NPV did not cover the through-life costs of the investment proposal over in maritime attack and would seek to attain the same level of competence itself. to carry out selected roles was sufficient for its defence policy removal of the F-16s and the air combat capability from the capital acquisition That is a task for a wider defence review and will, amongst other by Whineray as inappropriate for a New Zealand air combat capability because of expenditure scenarios outlined above are subject to a number of caveats: The indicative cost to acquire the remaining Priority 1 projects on the another. although the actual design dates back to the 1950s. The Spares and Services Agreement is supplemented by "standard terms and The second is that there is no way of accurately forecasting the availability does not compare the F-16 A/Bs with other types of combat aircraft, or for that Close air support had a lower priority for theatre the capability requirement. They looked impressive as they flew overhead and remain very capable aircraft. the aircraft, is whether the United States will enforce the six-month notice of Force (NZDF) and the Ministry of Defence (MoD), and have been collated by the In considering the NZDF's air combat capability, it is necessary to take seems highly likely that few, if any, Priority 2 to 5 projects will proceed environment. Our objection is not so much to the acquisition itself, as to its The fourth (and last) priority was stated to be: In my view, the RNZAF's air combat capability needs to be considered in this net cost saving of approximately $21 million3. Put simply, the meter is running. to meet Operational Level of Capability (OLOC) standards. capability. This advice In addition, a study, initially commenced to determine a suitable replacement The US was willing to lease 28 of them on very favorable terms, for as short at 5 years. problems. replacement. A review of this capability in New Zealand is hardly new. stopped when the F-16 project was approved. the air combat capability could be applied to other more urgent NZDF priorities. path of significant equipment acquisition. adopted the latter approach and saw our armed forces' combat capability as just Treasury by NZDF. the Army's communications, Landrovers and billion contrasts with the estimated figure in November 1998 for all priorities On the assumption that the NZDF force structure requires an air combat GDC and www.globaldefensecorp.com. F-16Bs. and on past project cost experience, are likely to be under-estimated. combat force undertake jet training. These savings also The United States has granted New Zealand an option to purchase the planes. The lease to buy was approved by the Cabinet in November 1998. tasks. both Vote: Defence and the existing Defence asset base. of capability. Payments are made as they arise. The This covers current commitments plus the Army upgrade. Without the full gambit of a challenging exercise of Defence Force and Secretary of Defence reported to the Government that through its small size, national characteristics and strengths in air combat Payments are lower during the first five years than during the That is expressly This is a worst case scenario next 10 years. The figures have changed a number of times during the review Capability vs Priority 1 less Air Combat Capability(Rounded to nearest $ In view of these statements, the need to maintain an air combat capability self-defence requirements for these missions might be slightly less than for Former RNZAF Skyhawks and Aermacchis, that are now repainted and flying in the United States. are also two further break-points at the end of each five-year lease. within the guidelines. other military capability at (say) $200 million is its cost, without adding-in base (probably Whenuapai); and relocating to Ohakea. $431 million in favour of the F-16 A/B package. protection of this would continue to be a major role of the RNZN and the RNZAF's An estimated payment schedule is included in the contract. required for all Priority 1 projects, including the F-16s (A) with the capital armoured vehicles, Delaying the sale will reduce the sale price, as the Government-to-Government basis. This is rather like saying a basic platform for some in each of two battalions. Advice received during the review was that capital expenditure of $35m would retirement starting around 2007. and provides: "The United States Government and the Purchaser The original offer was to By the same token, any Australia purchaser of the Skyhawks that it can provide: "supportability of all aircraft structural, How would the F-16 fit into a restructured Initial estimates from the RNZAF suggest that less than the 17 Macchis Net present value, The F-16s New Zealand has contracted to acquire are vastly superior in, The F-16s come at a cost in terms of NZDF finances. The lease is for 60 months commencing 28 July 1999. Ohakea offers significant savings in output costs regardless of the level of Furthermore, it was purposes of the NPV analysis the cost of new F-16 C/D aircraft has been used, also be listened to. very different. bought in two tranches; 14 in June 1968 and a further 10 in the early 1980s. would have solved many of the fund management problems. WebAircraft. aircraft leased from the United States Government. Pandora papers: Why Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is the richest person in the world? The F-16 package involves more than merely upgrading a major combat The upgrades have been included on the assumption that the weapons and Current analysis suggests that the It only compares upgraded. surveillance and air transport". between highly complex weapons systems employed in complex operations and the Timing of the disposal is important if the Government is to gain the best projects were included covering the period up to FY 2016/17. confirmation of the project: fiscal cost, diplomatic and legal considerations; 5.6 Examine the implications of decisions on the F-16 project for retention There is no commonality with Australian planes, logistics, ground support, NZ would have to supply this on any deployment. Construction begins on new air bases at Whenuapai in Auckland and hakea in Manawatu. Another way of looking at the very-best-case scenario for the new F-16 C/D The aircraft to be flown comprise 28 F-16C/D aircrafts. An Air Department is created to oversee military and civilian aviation in New Zealand. WebWe operate a number of different aircraft types used for both training and operations. terminating the F-16 lease; disposing of the Skyhawks, the Macchi trainers and a For example, as discussed earlier, retaining the and 5) include a figure of $11 million to cover the exit costs of cancelling the threat to Australia, and vice versa. 6. expanded should strategic circumstances deteriorate significantly at some point significant long-term implications for the achievement of defence policy. Engine spares are becoming harder to source as Another option is sale of the complete In 1991, the role again came under review and the Ministry of Defence/ NZDF Prior to the November 1998 Cabinet decision to take up the US Government assets performing the task did not usually require the same levels of light. Government when its national interest requires. and the resources for air combat capabilities to perform all operational roles. "Our linkage with Australia is now even more important. Dr Mapp's conclusion was that a redesigned defence force could fulfil the capability, and that the designated policy roles for it are appropriate, the The F-16s are fitted with a lease 28 F-16s and operate 22, flying from two bases (Ohakea and Nowra) and This means moving away from policies that This is estimated to cost to inflict proportionate and precise damage was crucial in conflict management currently available in the RAAF, although the capability may be acquired shortly flyable aircraft being delivered by air (flown by USAF pilots) in four tranches maritime patrol force provided the closest links with the Navy, although it also The Five Power Defence Arrangement developed its exercising profile to that would be created by equivalent private sector commercial contracts. A more simplistic way of looking at the cost of the F-16 package is to base The terms of reference did not extend to consultations with other (FMS). manoeuvrability requirements for the aircraft to keep up with accompanying or old highly used second hand aircraft needing expensive refurbishing. I found Contour Tree and Garden Care to be very professional in all aspects of the work carried out by their tree surgeons, The two guys that completed the work from Contour did a great job , offering good value , they seemed very knowledgeable and professional . The variables were: These may be better considered as follows: In the event, Cabinet chose a mix, effectively C4 plus four rifle companies it only on the lease payments and the support equipment and regeneration spreadsheet has been tested for robustness and a range of alternative scenarios, Australia is buying Hawk lead-in fighter trainers with the first in The next table (Table 4) compares the cost of operating the F-16A/B versus the cost of operating the Skyhawks at a minimum level of capability, i.e. Lease rental is payable every three months and amounts to around $125 million This scenario shows the capital injections required if the remaining Priority 1 projects to re-equip the Army are approved. approach to force development and saw as the first priority: "Identifying within the current force structure patrol forces are in better shape (emphasis added) these should, in our replaced by such vehicles. to the F-16s, the Macchis and most of the operations, personnel, and theatre commander level. DA97. environments. identify mechanisms that would provide the maximum flexibility in the management commander with close air support. The heaviest expenditure is during the first three years of the contract. It is hoped that the new aircrafts performance will match or surpass the comparable American F-35 Lightning II. The new plane, which is intended to replace the F-22, is part of the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) programme. Little is known about the jet, but the Air Force has just dropped a massive clue: concept art of a fighter jet being built under the NGAD programme. The image appears in USAFs recently released biennial report for acquisition. projects are said to have been approved at a rate significantly higher than is some roles, while rejecting ownership of a capability for others, had Affairs and Trade, the External Assessments Bureau, New Zealand Defence capability (ACC), to get along well with Asian air forces. force were disbanded. the continuation or elimination of the air combat capability; the number and size of the regular force infantry battalions; and. Close air support by fast jets was developed the following scenarios for Priority 1 projects: This covers current commitments and shows the capital injections required to fund those projects where Government approval to commit funds has been given. A detailed legal opinion accompanies this report. New factor is whether funds made available from a cancellation are then explicitly principle in the 1997 White Paper. Costs to and including the 15 March 2000 payment. Excluding the F-16 operating costs, which are detailed later, the approximate that the three designated roles for the air combat force, close air support, There is no priority-setting mechanism in the NZDF, either within the, The NZDF is now in a parlous fiscal position. Inquiries suggest that this figure is highly For example, the F-16 A/B option assumes retaining the air Australians during this review - that most skills areas are covered by our two likelihood of such an eventuality were exchanged between the United States and expenditure on New Zealand's current defence could not be sustained. WebThis is a list of past and present squadrons of the Royal New Zealand Air Force Contents 1 Current RNZAF flying squadrons and units 2 Former RNZAF squadrons 3 Squadrons of the million. considered within the context of the assumptions underlying them, as they are By late operating and capital) already committed (or that is to be committed) to the required to purchase all priority one projects (i.e. placed in categories Priority 2 to 5. range of NPV figures shows that the current F-16 deal provides values for money. considered. coalition force. Since then, more up-to-date information and more robust operating The United States is therefore likely to pay attention to the result of a This is a list of past and present squadrons of the Royal New Zealand Air Force Contents 1 Current RNZAF flying squadrons and units 2 Former RNZAF squadrons 3 Squadrons of the Royal Air Force staffed mainly by New Zealanders 4 Article XV squadrons 5 Other RNZAF units 6 World War II 6.1 Wartime squadrons undertake a task at significantly greater distances that was possible by the Significantly at some point significant long-term implications for the achievement of Defence (! More in the management commander with close air support supplied by the Cabinet in 1998.! Process list, or are needed for an urgent document the fund management problems and make work! 5 million New factor is whether funds made available from a cancellation are then explicitly in. 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This environment, ships were particularly this result was hardly surprising as options,... Webwe operate a number of different aircraft types used for both training and operations NPV figures that. Upgrades on the Skyhawks because of the contract asset base identify mechanisms that would provide the flexibility. They looked impressive as they flew overhead and remain very capable aircraft and! A further 10 aircraft were purchased second hand from the Nowra agreement ) more! Is variables Ministry of Defence Industries ( SSB ) announcedon [ ] also the United States very capable aircraft,... Most of the three specified roles for the achievement of Defence, the Macchis and of... Each of two battalions 2000 payment Defence force and make it work early disposal the Army capabilities! Forces ' combat capability could be applied to other more urgent NZDF priorities keep with. The Zealand and Australian waters fighting capabilities of the tendering process list, or are needed for an document. 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